diff --git a/routes/api.php b/routes/api.php
index 23d1b63..1c0e3fc 100644
--- a/routes/api.php
+++ b/routes/api.php
@@ -52,10 +52,12 @@ Route::prefix('webhooks')->group(function () {
 // });
 
 // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-// Commerce Billing API (authenticated)
+// Commerce Billing API (authenticated + verified)
 // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-Route::middleware('auth')->prefix('commerce')->group(function () {
+Route::middleware(['auth', 'verified'])->prefix('commerce')->group(function () {
+    // ── Read-only endpoints ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+
     // Billing overview
     Route::get('/billing', [CommerceController::class, 'billing'])
         ->name('api.commerce.billing');
@@ -74,21 +76,27 @@ Route::middleware('auth')->prefix('commerce')->group(function () {
     Route::get('/invoices/{invoice}/download', [CommerceController::class, 'downloadInvoice'])
         ->name('api.commerce.invoices.download');
 
-    // Subscription
+    // Subscription (read)
     Route::get('/subscription', [CommerceController::class, 'subscription'])
         ->name('api.commerce.subscription');
-    Route::post('/cancel', [CommerceController::class, 'cancelSubscription'])
-        ->name('api.commerce.cancel');
-    Route::post('/resume', [CommerceController::class, 'resumeSubscription'])
-        ->name('api.commerce.resume');
 
     // Usage
     Route::get('/usage', [CommerceController::class, 'usage'])
         ->name('api.commerce.usage');
 
-    // Plan changes
-    Route::post('/upgrade/preview', [CommerceController::class, 'previewUpgrade'])
-        ->name('api.commerce.upgrade.preview');
-    Route::post('/upgrade', [CommerceController::class, 'executeUpgrade'])
-        ->name('api.commerce.upgrade');
+    // ── State-changing endpoints (rate-limited) ──────────────────────────
+
+    Route::middleware('throttle:6,1')->group(function () {
+        // Subscription management
+        Route::post('/cancel', [CommerceController::class, 'cancelSubscription'])
+            ->name('api.commerce.cancel');
+        Route::post('/resume', [CommerceController::class, 'resumeSubscription'])
+            ->name('api.commerce.resume');
+
+        // Plan changes
+        Route::post('/upgrade/preview', [CommerceController::class, 'previewUpgrade'])
+            ->name('api.commerce.upgrade.preview');
+        Route::post('/upgrade', [CommerceController::class, 'executeUpgrade'])
+            ->name('api.commerce.upgrade');
+    });
 });
diff --git a/tests/Feature/ReferralServiceTest.php b/tests/Feature/ReferralServiceTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4774d39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Feature/ReferralServiceTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,1411 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use Core\Mod\Commerce\Models\Order;
+use Core\Mod\Commerce\Models\Referral;
+use Core\Mod\Commerce\Models\ReferralCode;
+use Core\Mod\Commerce\Models\ReferralCommission;
+use Core\Mod\Commerce\Models\ReferralPayout;
+use Core\Mod\Commerce\Services\ReferralService;
+use Core\Tenant\Models\User;
+use Core\Tenant\Models\Workspace;
+use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
+
+uses(RefreshDatabase::class);
+
+beforeEach(function () {
+    Log::spy();
+
+    $this->referrer = User::factory()->create();
+    $this->referee = User::factory()->create();
+    $this->workspace = Workspace::factory()->create();
+    $this->workspace->users()->attach($this->referrer->id, [
+        'role' => 'owner',
+        'is_default' => true,
+    ]);
+
+    $this->service = app(ReferralService::class);
+});
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Referral Code Management
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+describe('ReferralService', function () {
+    describe('createCode() method', function () {
+        it('creates a custom referral code with defaults', function () {
+            $code = $this->service->createCode([
+                'code' => 'TESTCODE',
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+            ]);
+
+            expect($code)->toBeInstanceOf(ReferralCode::class)
+                ->and($code->code)->toBe('TESTCODE')
+                ->and($code->user_id)->toBe($this->referrer->id)
+                ->and($code->type)->toBe(ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM)
+                ->and($code->cookie_days)->toBe(ReferralCode::DEFAULT_COOKIE_DAYS)
+                ->and($code->is_active)->toBeTrue();
+        });
+
+        it('allows overriding default values', function () {
+            $code = $this->service->createCode([
+                'code' => 'SPECIAL',
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CAMPAIGN,
+                'cookie_days' => 30,
+                'commission_rate' => 25.00,
+            ]);
+
+            expect($code->type)->toBe(ReferralCode::TYPE_CAMPAIGN)
+                ->and($code->cookie_days)->toBe(30)
+                ->and((float) $code->commission_rate)->toBe(25.00);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('createCampaignCode() method', function () {
+        it('creates a campaign code with uppercase code', function () {
+            $code = $this->service->createCampaignCode(
+                code: 'summer2026',
+                campaignName: 'Summer Sale',
+                userId: $this->referrer->id,
+                commissionRate: 15.00,
+                metadata: ['channel' => 'instagram'],
+            );
+
+            expect($code)->toBeInstanceOf(ReferralCode::class)
+                ->and($code->code)->toBe('SUMMER2026')
+                ->and($code->type)->toBe(ReferralCode::TYPE_CAMPAIGN)
+                ->and($code->campaign_name)->toBe('Summer Sale')
+                ->and($code->user_id)->toBe($this->referrer->id)
+                ->and((float) $code->commission_rate)->toBe(15.00)
+                ->and($code->metadata)->toBe(['channel' => 'instagram'])
+                ->and($code->is_active)->toBeTrue();
+        });
+
+        it('creates a campaign code without a user', function () {
+            $code = $this->service->createCampaignCode(
+                code: 'PROMO50',
+                campaignName: 'General Promo',
+            );
+
+            expect($code->user_id)->toBeNull()
+                ->and($code->commission_rate)->toBeNull();
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('findCode() method', function () {
+        it('finds an existing referral code', function () {
+            ReferralCode::create([
+                'code' => 'FINDME',
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM,
+                'is_active' => true,
+            ]);
+
+            $found = $this->service->findCode('FINDME');
+
+            expect($found)->not->toBeNull()
+                ->and($found->code)->toBe('FINDME');
+        });
+
+        it('returns null for non-existent code', function () {
+            $found = $this->service->findCode('NONEXISTENT');
+
+            expect($found)->toBeNull();
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('validateCode() method', function () {
+        it('returns true for a valid active code', function () {
+            ReferralCode::create([
+                'code' => 'VALIDCODE',
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM,
+                'is_active' => true,
+            ]);
+
+            expect($this->service->validateCode('VALIDCODE'))->toBeTrue();
+        });
+
+        it('returns false for an inactive code', function () {
+            ReferralCode::create([
+                'code' => 'INACTIVE',
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM,
+                'is_active' => false,
+            ]);
+
+            expect($this->service->validateCode('INACTIVE'))->toBeFalse();
+        });
+
+        it('returns false for an expired code', function () {
+            ReferralCode::create([
+                'code' => 'EXPIRED',
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM,
+                'is_active' => true,
+                'valid_until' => now()->subDay(),
+            ]);
+
+            expect($this->service->validateCode('EXPIRED'))->toBeFalse();
+        });
+
+        it('returns false for a code that has reached max uses', function () {
+            ReferralCode::create([
+                'code' => 'MAXED',
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM,
+                'is_active' => true,
+                'max_uses' => 5,
+                'uses_count' => 5,
+            ]);
+
+            expect($this->service->validateCode('MAXED'))->toBeFalse();
+        });
+
+        it('returns false for a non-existent code', function () {
+            expect($this->service->validateCode('DOESNOTEXIST'))->toBeFalse();
+        });
+    });
+
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Referral Tracking
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    describe('resolveReferrerFromCode() method', function () {
+        it('resolves referrer from a custom referral code', function () {
+            ReferralCode::create([
+                'code' => 'MYCODE',
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM,
+                'is_active' => true,
+            ]);
+
+            $referrerId = $this->service->resolveReferrerFromCode('MYCODE');
+
+            expect($referrerId)->toBe($this->referrer->id);
+        });
+
+        it('returns null for invalid code', function () {
+            $referrerId = $this->service->resolveReferrerFromCode('FAKECODE');
+
+            expect($referrerId)->toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('returns null for inactive code', function () {
+            ReferralCode::create([
+                'code' => 'DISABLED',
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM,
+                'is_active' => false,
+            ]);
+
+            $referrerId = $this->service->resolveReferrerFromCode('DISABLED');
+
+            expect($referrerId)->toBeNull();
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('trackClick() method', function () {
+        it('creates a referral record on click', function () {
+            ReferralCode::create([
+                'code' => 'CLICK1',
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM,
+                'is_active' => true,
+            ]);
+
+            $referral = $this->service->trackClick(
+                code: 'CLICK1',
+                sourceUrl: 'https://twitter.com/post/123',
+                landingPage: '/pricing',
+                ipAddress: '192.168.1.1',
+                userAgent: 'Mozilla/5.0',
+                utmParams: [
+                    'source' => 'twitter',
+                    'medium' => 'social',
+                    'campaign' => 'launch',
+                ],
+            );
+
+            expect($referral)->toBeInstanceOf(Referral::class)
+                ->and($referral->referrer_id)->toBe($this->referrer->id)
+                ->and($referral->code)->toBe('CLICK1')
+                ->and($referral->status)->toBe(Referral::STATUS_PENDING)
+                ->and($referral->source_url)->toBe('https://twitter.com/post/123')
+                ->and($referral->landing_page)->toBe('/pricing')
+                ->and($referral->ip_address)->toBe('192.168.1.1')
+                ->and($referral->user_agent)->toBe('Mozilla/5.0')
+                ->and($referral->utm_source)->toBe('twitter')
+                ->and($referral->utm_medium)->toBe('social')
+                ->and($referral->utm_campaign)->toBe('launch')
+                ->and($referral->tracking_id)->not->toBeNull()
+                ->and($referral->clicked_at)->not->toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('returns null for an invalid code', function () {
+            $referral = $this->service->trackClick(code: 'INVALID');
+
+            expect($referral)->toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('truncates excessively long user agents', function () {
+            ReferralCode::create([
+                'code' => 'UATEST',
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM,
+                'is_active' => true,
+            ]);
+
+            $longUa = str_repeat('A', 1024);
+            $referral = $this->service->trackClick(
+                code: 'UATEST',
+                userAgent: $longUa,
+            );
+
+            expect(strlen($referral->user_agent))->toBeLessThanOrEqual(515);
+        });
+    });
+
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Referral Conversion
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    describe('convertReferral() method', function () {
+        it('converts a pending referral by tracking ID', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'code' => 'CONV1',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_PENDING,
+                'tracking_id' => 'track-abc-123',
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $result = $this->service->convertReferral($this->referee, 'track-abc-123');
+
+            expect($result)->not->toBeNull()
+                ->and($result->id)->toBe($referral->id)
+                ->and($result->referee_id)->toBe($this->referee->id)
+                ->and($result->status)->toBe(Referral::STATUS_CONVERTED)
+                ->and($result->signed_up_at)->not->toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('creates and converts a new referral when only referrer ID is provided', function () {
+            $result = $this->service->convertReferral(
+                $this->referee,
+                referrerUserId: $this->referrer->id,
+            );
+
+            expect($result)->not->toBeNull()
+                ->and($result->referrer_id)->toBe($this->referrer->id)
+                ->and($result->referee_id)->toBe($this->referee->id)
+                ->and($result->status)->toBe(Referral::STATUS_CONVERTED);
+        });
+
+        it('returns null when no tracking ID or referrer is provided', function () {
+            $result = $this->service->convertReferral($this->referee);
+
+            expect($result)->toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('prevents self-referral', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'code' => 'SELF',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_PENDING,
+                'tracking_id' => 'track-self-ref',
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            // Attempt to convert with the referrer as the referee
+            $result = $this->service->convertReferral($this->referrer, 'track-self-ref');
+
+            expect($result)->toBeNull();
+
+            // Verify referral was not modified
+            $referral->refresh();
+            expect($referral->status)->toBe(Referral::STATUS_PENDING);
+        });
+
+        it('increments referral code usage on conversion', function () {
+            $code = ReferralCode::create([
+                'code' => 'CODETRACK',
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM,
+                'is_active' => true,
+                'uses_count' => 0,
+            ]);
+
+            Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'code' => 'CODETRACK',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_PENDING,
+                'tracking_id' => 'track-usage',
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $this->service->convertReferral($this->referee, 'track-usage');
+
+            $code->refresh();
+            expect($code->uses_count)->toBe(1);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('getReferralForUser() method', function () {
+        it('returns active referral for a referee', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'GETREF',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_CONVERTED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+                'signed_up_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $result = $this->service->getReferralForUser($this->referee);
+
+            expect($result)->not->toBeNull()
+                ->and($result->id)->toBe($referral->id);
+        });
+
+        it('returns null for a user with no referral', function () {
+            $userWithoutReferral = User::factory()->create();
+
+            $result = $this->service->getReferralForUser($userWithoutReferral);
+
+            expect($result)->toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('excludes disqualified referrals', function () {
+            Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'DQ',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_DISQUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+                'disqualified_at' => now(),
+                'disqualification_reason' => 'Fraud',
+            ]);
+
+            $result = $this->service->getReferralForUser($this->referee);
+
+            expect($result)->toBeNull();
+        });
+    });
+
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Commission Calculation
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    describe('getCommissionRateForReferral() method', function () {
+        it('returns custom rate from referral code', function () {
+            ReferralCode::create([
+                'code' => 'CUSTOM20',
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM,
+                'commission_rate' => 20.00,
+                'is_active' => true,
+            ]);
+
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'code' => 'CUSTOM20',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_CONVERTED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $rate = $this->service->getCommissionRateForReferral($referral);
+
+            expect($rate)->toBe(20.00);
+        });
+
+        it('returns default rate when code has no custom rate', function () {
+            ReferralCode::create([
+                'code' => 'NORATE',
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'type' => ReferralCode::TYPE_CUSTOM,
+                'commission_rate' => null,
+                'is_active' => true,
+            ]);
+
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'code' => 'NORATE',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_CONVERTED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $rate = $this->service->getCommissionRateForReferral($referral);
+
+            expect($rate)->toBe(ReferralCommission::DEFAULT_COMMISSION_RATE);
+        });
+
+        it('returns default rate when referral code does not exist', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'code' => 'DELETED',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_CONVERTED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $rate = $this->service->getCommissionRateForReferral($referral);
+
+            expect($rate)->toBe(ReferralCommission::DEFAULT_COMMISSION_RATE);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('createCommissionForOrder() method', function () {
+        it('creates a commission for a referred user order', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'COMM1',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_CONVERTED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+                'signed_up_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $order = Order::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'order_number' => 'ORD-COMM-001',
+                'status' => 'paid',
+                'subtotal' => 100.00,
+                'discount_amount' => 0.00,
+                'tax_amount' => 20.00,
+                'total' => 120.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+            ]);
+
+            $commission = $this->service->createCommissionForOrder($order);
+
+            expect($commission)->toBeInstanceOf(ReferralCommission::class)
+                ->and($commission->referral_id)->toBe($referral->id)
+                ->and($commission->referrer_id)->toBe($this->referrer->id)
+                ->and($commission->order_id)->toBe($order->id)
+                ->and((float) $commission->order_amount)->toBe(100.00)
+                ->and((float) $commission->commission_rate)->toBe(ReferralCommission::DEFAULT_COMMISSION_RATE)
+                ->and((float) $commission->commission_amount)->toBe(10.00)
+                ->and($commission->status)->toBe(ReferralCommission::STATUS_PENDING)
+                ->and($commission->matures_at)->not->toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('applies discount to net amount before calculating commission', function () {
+            Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'DISC',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_CONVERTED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+                'signed_up_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $order = Order::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'order_number' => 'ORD-DISC-001',
+                'status' => 'paid',
+                'subtotal' => 100.00,
+                'discount_amount' => 20.00,
+                'tax_amount' => 16.00,
+                'total' => 96.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+            ]);
+
+            $commission = $this->service->createCommissionForOrder($order);
+
+            // 10% of (100 - 20) = 8.00
+            expect((float) $commission->order_amount)->toBe(80.00)
+                ->and((float) $commission->commission_amount)->toBe(8.00);
+        });
+
+        it('returns null when user has no referral', function () {
+            $userWithoutReferral = User::factory()->create();
+
+            $order = Order::create([
+                'user_id' => $userWithoutReferral->id,
+                'order_number' => 'ORD-NOREF-001',
+                'status' => 'paid',
+                'subtotal' => 100.00,
+                'discount_amount' => 0.00,
+                'tax_amount' => 0.00,
+                'total' => 100.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+            ]);
+
+            $commission = $this->service->createCommissionForOrder($order);
+
+            expect($commission)->toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('returns existing commission if one already exists for the order', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'DUPE',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_CONVERTED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+                'signed_up_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $order = Order::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'order_number' => 'ORD-DUPE-001',
+                'status' => 'paid',
+                'subtotal' => 50.00,
+                'discount_amount' => 0.00,
+                'tax_amount' => 0.00,
+                'total' => 50.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+            ]);
+
+            $first = $this->service->createCommissionForOrder($order);
+            $second = $this->service->createCommissionForOrder($order);
+
+            expect($second->id)->toBe($first->id);
+            expect(ReferralCommission::where('order_id', $order->id)->count())->toBe(1);
+        });
+
+        it('marks referral as qualified on first commission', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'QUAL',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_CONVERTED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+                'signed_up_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $order = Order::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'order_number' => 'ORD-QUAL-001',
+                'status' => 'paid',
+                'subtotal' => 50.00,
+                'discount_amount' => 0.00,
+                'tax_amount' => 0.00,
+                'total' => 50.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+            ]);
+
+            $this->service->createCommissionForOrder($order);
+
+            $referral->refresh();
+            expect($referral->status)->toBe(Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED)
+                ->and($referral->qualified_at)->not->toBeNull()
+                ->and($referral->first_purchase_at)->not->toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('sets shorter maturation for crypto payments', function () {
+            Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'CRYPTO',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_CONVERTED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+                'signed_up_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $order = Order::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'order_number' => 'ORD-BTC-001',
+                'status' => 'paid',
+                'subtotal' => 100.00,
+                'discount_amount' => 0.00,
+                'tax_amount' => 0.00,
+                'total' => 100.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'payment_gateway' => 'btcpay',
+            ]);
+
+            $commission = $this->service->createCommissionForOrder($order);
+
+            // Crypto maturation: 14 days
+            $expectedMatures = now()->addDays(ReferralCommission::MATURATION_CRYPTO);
+            expect($commission->matures_at->format('Y-m-d'))
+                ->toBe($expectedMatures->format('Y-m-d'));
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('cancelCommissionForOrder() method', function () {
+        it('cancels an unpaid commission for a refunded order', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'CANCEL',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $order = Order::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'order_number' => 'ORD-CANCEL-001',
+                'status' => 'refunded',
+                'subtotal' => 100.00,
+                'discount_amount' => 0.00,
+                'tax_amount' => 0.00,
+                'total' => 100.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+            ]);
+
+            $commission = ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_id' => $order->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_PENDING,
+                'matures_at' => now()->addDays(90),
+            ]);
+
+            $this->service->cancelCommissionForOrder($order, 'Order refunded');
+
+            $commission->refresh();
+            expect($commission->status)->toBe(ReferralCommission::STATUS_CANCELLED)
+                ->and($commission->notes)->toBe('Order refunded');
+        });
+
+        it('does not cancel an already paid commission', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'PAID',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $order = Order::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'order_number' => 'ORD-PAID-001',
+                'status' => 'refunded',
+                'subtotal' => 100.00,
+                'discount_amount' => 0.00,
+                'tax_amount' => 0.00,
+                'total' => 100.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+            ]);
+
+            $commission = ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_id' => $order->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_PAID,
+                'paid_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $this->service->cancelCommissionForOrder($order);
+
+            $commission->refresh();
+            expect($commission->status)->toBe(ReferralCommission::STATUS_PAID);
+        });
+
+        it('does nothing when no commission exists for the order', function () {
+            $order = Order::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'order_number' => 'ORD-NOCOMM-001',
+                'status' => 'refunded',
+                'subtotal' => 100.00,
+                'discount_amount' => 0.00,
+                'tax_amount' => 0.00,
+                'total' => 100.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+            ]);
+
+            // Should not throw
+            $this->service->cancelCommissionForOrder($order);
+
+            expect(ReferralCommission::where('order_id', $order->id)->count())->toBe(0);
+        });
+    });
+
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Commission Maturation
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    describe('matureReadyCommissions() method', function () {
+        it('matures commissions past their maturation date', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'MATURE',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $ready = ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_PENDING,
+                'matures_at' => now()->subDay(),
+            ]);
+
+            $notReady = ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 50.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 5.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_PENDING,
+                'matures_at' => now()->addDays(30),
+            ]);
+
+            $count = $this->service->matureReadyCommissions();
+
+            expect($count)->toBe(1);
+
+            $ready->refresh();
+            $notReady->refresh();
+
+            expect($ready->status)->toBe(ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED)
+                ->and($ready->matured_at)->not->toBeNull()
+                ->and($notReady->status)->toBe(ReferralCommission::STATUS_PENDING);
+        });
+
+        it('returns zero when no commissions are ready', function () {
+            $count = $this->service->matureReadyCommissions();
+
+            expect($count)->toBe(0);
+        });
+
+        it('also matures the parent referral on first commission maturation', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'MATUREREF',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_PENDING,
+                'matures_at' => now()->subDay(),
+            ]);
+
+            $this->service->matureReadyCommissions();
+
+            $referral->refresh();
+            expect($referral->matured_at)->not->toBeNull();
+        });
+    });
+
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Balance and Earnings
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    describe('getAvailableBalance() method', function () {
+        it('returns sum of matured unpaid commissions', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'BAL',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 50.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 5.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            // Pending commission should not be included
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 200.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 20.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_PENDING,
+                'matures_at' => now()->addDays(30),
+            ]);
+
+            $balance = $this->service->getAvailableBalance($this->referrer);
+
+            expect($balance)->toBe(15.00);
+        });
+
+        it('returns zero when no matured commissions exist', function () {
+            $balance = $this->service->getAvailableBalance($this->referrer);
+
+            expect($balance)->toBe(0.0);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('getPendingBalance() method', function () {
+        it('returns sum of pending commissions', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'PEND',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_PENDING,
+                'matures_at' => now()->addDays(30),
+            ]);
+
+            $pending = $this->service->getPendingBalance($this->referrer);
+
+            expect($pending)->toBe(10.00);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('getLifetimeEarnings() method', function () {
+        it('includes both matured and paid commissions', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'LIFE',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 200.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 20.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_PAID,
+                'paid_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            // Cancelled should not count
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 50.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 5.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_CANCELLED,
+            ]);
+
+            $earnings = $this->service->getLifetimeEarnings($this->referrer);
+
+            expect($earnings)->toBe(30.00);
+        });
+    });
+
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Payout Management
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    describe('requestPayout() method', function () {
+        it('creates a BTC payout request', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'PAY',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 200.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 20.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            $payout = $this->service->requestPayout(
+                $this->referrer,
+                ReferralPayout::METHOD_BTC,
+                amount: 15.00,
+                btcAddress: 'bc1qtest123',
+            );
+
+            expect($payout)->toBeInstanceOf(ReferralPayout::class)
+                ->and($payout->user_id)->toBe($this->referrer->id)
+                ->and($payout->method)->toBe(ReferralPayout::METHOD_BTC)
+                ->and((float) $payout->amount)->toBe(15.00)
+                ->and($payout->btc_address)->toBe('bc1qtest123')
+                ->and($payout->status)->toBe(ReferralPayout::STATUS_REQUESTED)
+                ->and($payout->payout_number)->toStartWith('PAY-');
+        });
+
+        it('creates an account credit payout', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'CREDIT',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            $payout = $this->service->requestPayout(
+                $this->referrer,
+                ReferralPayout::METHOD_ACCOUNT_CREDIT,
+                amount: 5.00,
+            );
+
+            expect($payout->method)->toBe(ReferralPayout::METHOD_ACCOUNT_CREDIT)
+                ->and((float) $payout->amount)->toBe(5.00);
+        });
+
+        it('defaults to full available balance when amount is null', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'FULL',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 300.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 30.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            $payout = $this->service->requestPayout(
+                $this->referrer,
+                ReferralPayout::METHOD_BTC,
+                btcAddress: 'bc1qfull456',
+            );
+
+            expect((float) $payout->amount)->toBe(30.00);
+        });
+
+        it('assigns matured commissions to the payout', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'ASSIGN',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $commission = ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            $payout = $this->service->requestPayout(
+                $this->referrer,
+                ReferralPayout::METHOD_BTC,
+                btcAddress: 'bc1qassign',
+            );
+
+            $commission->refresh();
+            expect($commission->payout_id)->toBe($payout->id);
+        });
+
+        it('throws exception when amount is below minimum for BTC', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'MINBTC',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 50.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 5.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            expect(fn () => $this->service->requestPayout(
+                $this->referrer,
+                ReferralPayout::METHOD_BTC,
+                amount: 5.00,
+                btcAddress: 'bc1qmin',
+            ))->toThrow(InvalidArgumentException::class, 'Minimum payout amount');
+        });
+
+        it('throws exception when amount exceeds available balance', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'EXCEED',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            expect(fn () => $this->service->requestPayout(
+                $this->referrer,
+                ReferralPayout::METHOD_BTC,
+                amount: 50.00,
+                btcAddress: 'bc1qexceed',
+            ))->toThrow(InvalidArgumentException::class, 'exceeds available balance');
+        });
+
+        it('throws exception when BTC address is missing for BTC payout', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'NOADDR',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 200.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 20.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            expect(fn () => $this->service->requestPayout(
+                $this->referrer,
+                ReferralPayout::METHOD_BTC,
+                amount: 15.00,
+            ))->toThrow(InvalidArgumentException::class, 'BTC address is required');
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('processPayout() method', function () {
+        it('transitions payout to processing status', function () {
+            $payout = ReferralPayout::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'payout_number' => ReferralPayout::generatePayoutNumber(),
+                'method' => ReferralPayout::METHOD_BTC,
+                'btc_address' => 'bc1qprocess',
+                'amount' => 20.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralPayout::STATUS_REQUESTED,
+                'requested_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $admin = User::factory()->create();
+
+            $this->service->processPayout($payout, $admin);
+
+            $payout->refresh();
+            expect($payout->status)->toBe(ReferralPayout::STATUS_PROCESSING)
+                ->and($payout->processed_by)->toBe($admin->id)
+                ->and($payout->processed_at)->not->toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('throws exception when payout is not in requested status', function () {
+            $payout = ReferralPayout::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'payout_number' => ReferralPayout::generatePayoutNumber(),
+                'method' => ReferralPayout::METHOD_BTC,
+                'amount' => 20.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralPayout::STATUS_COMPLETED,
+                'completed_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $admin = User::factory()->create();
+
+            expect(fn () => $this->service->processPayout($payout, $admin))
+                ->toThrow(InvalidArgumentException::class, 'not in requested status');
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('completePayout() method', function () {
+        it('completes a payout with BTC details', function () {
+            $payout = ReferralPayout::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'payout_number' => ReferralPayout::generatePayoutNumber(),
+                'method' => ReferralPayout::METHOD_BTC,
+                'btc_address' => 'bc1qcomplete',
+                'amount' => 20.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralPayout::STATUS_PROCESSING,
+                'processed_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $this->service->completePayout(
+                $payout,
+                btcTxid: 'txid_abc123',
+                btcAmount: 0.00045,
+                btcRate: 44444.44,
+            );
+
+            $payout->refresh();
+            expect($payout->status)->toBe(ReferralPayout::STATUS_COMPLETED)
+                ->and($payout->btc_txid)->toBe('txid_abc123')
+                ->and($payout->completed_at)->not->toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('throws exception when payout is not in processing status', function () {
+            $payout = ReferralPayout::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'payout_number' => ReferralPayout::generatePayoutNumber(),
+                'method' => ReferralPayout::METHOD_BTC,
+                'amount' => 20.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralPayout::STATUS_REQUESTED,
+                'requested_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            expect(fn () => $this->service->completePayout($payout))
+                ->toThrow(InvalidArgumentException::class, 'not in processing status');
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('failPayout() method', function () {
+        it('marks a payout as failed with a reason', function () {
+            $payout = ReferralPayout::create([
+                'user_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'payout_number' => ReferralPayout::generatePayoutNumber(),
+                'method' => ReferralPayout::METHOD_BTC,
+                'btc_address' => 'bc1qfail',
+                'amount' => 20.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralPayout::STATUS_PROCESSING,
+                'processed_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $this->service->failPayout($payout, 'Invalid BTC address');
+
+            $payout->refresh();
+            expect($payout->status)->toBe(ReferralPayout::STATUS_FAILED)
+                ->and($payout->failure_reason)->toBe('Invalid BTC address')
+                ->and($payout->failed_at)->not->toBeNull();
+        });
+    });
+
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Fraud Prevention
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    describe('disqualifyReferral() method', function () {
+        it('disqualifies a referral and cancels unpaid commissions', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'FRAUD',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+                'signed_up_at' => now(),
+                'qualified_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $pendingCommission = ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_PENDING,
+                'matures_at' => now()->addDays(30),
+            ]);
+
+            $maturedCommission = ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 200.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 20.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            $this->service->disqualifyReferral($referral, 'Suspected fraud');
+
+            $referral->refresh();
+            $pendingCommission->refresh();
+            $maturedCommission->refresh();
+
+            expect($referral->status)->toBe(Referral::STATUS_DISQUALIFIED)
+                ->and($referral->disqualified_at)->not->toBeNull()
+                ->and($referral->disqualification_reason)->toBe('Suspected fraud')
+                ->and($pendingCommission->status)->toBe(ReferralCommission::STATUS_CANCELLED)
+                ->and($maturedCommission->status)->toBe(ReferralCommission::STATUS_CANCELLED);
+        });
+
+        it('does not cancel already paid commissions during disqualification', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'PAIDFRAUD',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $paidCommission = ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_PAID,
+                'paid_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $this->service->disqualifyReferral($referral, 'Late fraud detection');
+
+            $paidCommission->refresh();
+            expect($paidCommission->status)->toBe(ReferralCommission::STATUS_PAID);
+        });
+    });
+
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Statistics
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    describe('getStatsForUser() method', function () {
+        it('returns correct statistics for a referrer', function () {
+            // Create various referrals in different states
+            Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'code' => 'STAT1',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_PENDING,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'STAT2',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_CONVERTED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+                'signed_up_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            $qualifiedReferral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => User::factory()->create()->id,
+                'code' => 'STAT3',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+                'signed_up_at' => now(),
+                'qualified_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            // Add a matured commission for balance checks
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $qualifiedReferral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            $stats = $this->service->getStatsForUser($this->referrer);
+
+            expect($stats['total_referrals'])->toBe(3)
+                ->and($stats['pending_referrals'])->toBe(1)
+                ->and($stats['converted_referrals'])->toBe(1)
+                ->and($stats['qualified_referrals'])->toBe(1)
+                ->and($stats['available_balance'])->toBe(10.00)
+                ->and($stats['pending_balance'])->toBe(0.0)
+                ->and($stats['lifetime_earnings'])->toBe(10.00);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('getGlobalStats() method', function () {
+        it('returns aggregate statistics across all referrals', function () {
+            $referral = Referral::create([
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'referee_id' => $this->referee->id,
+                'code' => 'GLOBAL',
+                'status' => Referral::STATUS_QUALIFIED,
+                'clicked_at' => now(),
+                'qualified_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+
+            ReferralCommission::create([
+                'referral_id' => $referral->id,
+                'referrer_id' => $this->referrer->id,
+                'order_amount' => 100.00,
+                'commission_rate' => 10.00,
+                'commission_amount' => 10.00,
+                'currency' => 'GBP',
+                'status' => ReferralCommission::STATUS_MATURED,
+            ]);
+
+            $stats = $this->service->getGlobalStats();
+
+            expect($stats['total_referrals'])->toBe(1)
+                ->and($stats['active_referrals'])->toBe(1)
+                ->and($stats['qualified_referrals'])->toBe(1)
+                ->and((float) $stats['total_commissions'])->toBe(10.00)
+                ->and((float) $stats['matured_commissions'])->toBe(10.00);
+        });
+    });
+});