diff --git a/src/Core/Actions/ScheduledActionScanner.php b/src/Core/Actions/ScheduledActionScanner.php
index 8c22869..55a521d 100644
--- a/src/Core/Actions/ScheduledActionScanner.php
+++ b/src/Core/Actions/ScheduledActionScanner.php
@@ -52,9 +52,26 @@ class ScheduledActionScanner
                     continue;
                 }
 
+                // Skip test directories — test files extend base classes
+                // that aren't available without dev dependencies.
+                // Convention: module test dirs use capital "Tests/" (e.g. app/Mod/Lem/Tests/).
+                if (preg_match('#[/\\\\]Tests[/\\\\]#', $file->getPathname())
+                    || str_ends_with($file->getBasename(), 'Test.php')) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
                 $class = $this->classFromFile($file->getPathname());
 
-                if ($class === null || ! class_exists($class)) {
+                if ($class === null) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                try {
+                    if (! class_exists($class)) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                } catch (\Throwable) {
+                    // Class may reference unavailable dependencies (e.g. dev-only)
                     continue;
                 }
 
diff --git a/tests/Feature/ScheduledActionScannerTest.php b/tests/Feature/ScheduledActionScannerTest.php
index f37a725..b228689 100644
--- a/tests/Feature/ScheduledActionScannerTest.php
+++ b/tests/Feature/ScheduledActionScannerTest.php
@@ -70,4 +70,21 @@ class ScheduledActionScannerTest extends TestCase
         $results = $this->scanner->scan(['/nonexistent/path']);
         $this->assertEmpty($results);
     }
+
+    public function test_scan_skips_test_directories(): void
+    {
+        $results = $this->scanner->scan([
+            dirname(__DIR__).'/Fixtures/Mod/Scheduled',
+        ]);
+
+        // FakeScheduledTest is inside a Tests/ directory and should be skipped
+        $classes = array_keys($results);
+        foreach ($classes as $class) {
+            $this->assertStringNotContainsString('FakeScheduledTest', $class);
+        }
+
+        // But real actions are still discovered
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey(EveryMinuteAction::class, $results);
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey(DailyAction::class, $results);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/Mod/Scheduled/Tests/FakeScheduledTest.php b/tests/Fixtures/Mod/Scheduled/Tests/FakeScheduledTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a76e361
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/Mod/Scheduled/Tests/FakeScheduledTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Core\Tests\Fixtures\Mod\Scheduled\Tests;
+
+use Core\Actions\Action;
+use Core\Actions\Scheduled;
+
+/**
+ * This file lives inside a Tests/ directory to verify that the
+ * scanner skips test directories. Despite having #[Scheduled],
+ * it should never be discovered.
+ */
+#[Scheduled(frequency: 'everyMinute')]
+class FakeScheduledTest
+{
+    use Action;
+
+    public function handle(): string
+    {
+        return 'should-not-be-discovered';
+    }
+}